What is the main purpose of serological testing in blood donation?

The main purpose of serological testing in blood donation is to ensure the safety of the blood supply. This testing involves screening for infectious diseases and pathogens that could be transmitted through blood transfusions. By conducting thorough serological tests, blood banks can identify potential risks to recipients, preventing the transmission of diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and others.

While determining blood type and compatibility is also an important aspect of blood donation, it primarily facilitates safe transfusions rather than directly ensuring the overall safety of the blood supply. Checking blood pressure levels and assessing the donor's overall health are part of the donor evaluation process but do not specifically relate to the serological testing component aimed at pathogen detection and safety assurance. Thus, serological testing is critical for protecting both the donors and patients receiving transfusions by minimizing the risk of disease transmission.