What is the purpose of using blood products that are irradiated?

The purpose of using blood products that are irradiated is primarily to prevent transfusion-related graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This condition can occur when donor lymphocytes contained in blood products recognize the recipient's tissues as foreign and mount an immune response against them, leading to severe complications. Irradiation eliminates the viability of these lymphocytes, thereby minimizing the risk of GVHD. This is crucial for certain patient populations, particularly those who are immunocompromised or have specific underlying conditions that make them more susceptible to this type of adverse reaction.

While the other options may pertain to various aspects of blood product management or patient care, they do not accurately reflect the primary intent behind the irradiation of blood products. For instance, improving circulation or enhancing oxygen transport pertains to the physiological functions of blood, rather than the preservation or safety of blood products. Similarly, prolonging the storage duration of blood products is not achieved through irradiation; instead, it involves other methods such as maintaining optimal storage conditions.