What is the role of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) in blood testing?

The role of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) in blood testing is primarily due to its association with leukaemia and lymphoma. The virus can lead to a specific type of cancer known as adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in some infected individuals. Therefore, testing for HTLV in blood or blood products is crucial in transfusion medicine to ensure that recipients are not exposed to the virus, which could increase their risk of developing these malignancies.

Prioritizing the screening of blood donations for HTLV helps prevent potential complications in patients, especially those who may be immunocompromised or have other risk factors for blood-borne infections. By identifying carriers of the virus, the blood supply can be safeguarded against these serious health risks, ensuring the safety and well-being of patients who require blood transfusions.