Which diseases are tested for in every blood donation?

The correct answer identifies diseases that are universally tested for in every blood donation to ensure the safety of the blood supply. These tests are crucial to detect potential pathogens that could pose risks to recipients of blood transfusions.

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is tested because it can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is a serious threat to public health. Hepatitis B and C are both viral infections that can cause severe liver disease, and their prevalence necessitates stringent testing to prevent transmission through blood products. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that can also be transmitted through blood; therefore, screening is essential to protect both donors and recipients.

The inclusion of these specific pathogens reflects the established guidelines and practices in blood banking, which focus on minimizing the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections. This testing is an essential component of ensuring that blood donations are safe for use in medical procedures. The other options include diseases that do not have the same comprehensive testing protocols or focus on less common pathogens not routinely screened for in every donation.